Every cell in an organism carries an identical set of genetic instructions within its DNA. However, what determines whether a cell develops as a neuron, a muscle, or any other specific cell type lies in the activation or inactivation of specific genes in that particular cell. For instance, in the Drosophila fly, the TrxT and dhd genes, which belong to the germline—that is, they participate in the formation of sperm and eggs, respectively—should be inactive in the brain.
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